salut
quand je lis dossier de cache je pense plutot à /var/lib/dpkg/info/
quand je lis E: Erreur de lecture - read (5: Erreur d'entrée/sortie) je pense à
fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb
et à smart
smartctl -t long /dev/sdb
Tiens ! Une nouvelle surprise (ça va faire plaisir à @Verner)… un filesystem « exotique »… des fois, il ne faut pas chercher plus loin (j’ai eu un souci avec un volume RAID 0 réalisé en btrfs au passage au kernel 6.0…)
Du coup, ça raconte quoi quand tu fais:
df -hT
(Je réalise seulement maintenant que pour une question à priori d’espace indisponible, tu n’as pas encore présenté un état de cette indisponibilité d’espace par rapport à ton partitionnement avec un df, ce qui permettrait d’y voir un peu plus clair)
Si, je l’ai dit dans le premier post
Que veux-tu dire par là ? C’est du Ext4.
Bon, sauf à discuter de la fiabilité de l’outil utilisé (badblocks) il semblerait que le problème soit matériel. J’ai arrêté le contrôle au bout de 9h 
49188820done, 9:32:59 elapsed. (143/0/61 errors)
49188821done, 9:33:01 elapsed. (144/0/61 errors)
49188822done, 9:33:03 elapsed. (145/0/61 errors)
49188823done, 9:33:05 elapsed. (146/0/61 errors)
20.15% done, 9:33:07 elapsed. (147/0/61 errors)
Avec déjà pas mal d’erreurs. Je vais passer sur un forum dédié matériel et vous tiendrai informés de mes avancées.
tu as essayé smart?
en gui : gsmartcontrol
Oui. En revanche le gui n’est pas le plus adapté, vu que je suis en console de récupération 
Voilà le premier résultat que j’avais obtenu :
root@Debian:~# smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-18-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Caviar SE Serial ATA
Device Model: WDC WD2500JS-60NCB1
Serial Number: WD-WCANK7476328
Firmware Version: 10.02E02
User Capacity: 250 059 350 016 bytes [250 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA/ATAPI-7 (minor revision not indicated)
Local Time is: Wed Dec 14 01:44:27 2022 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 8280) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 96) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 6) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 73
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 218 188 021 Pre-fail Always - 4058
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 2681
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 082 082 000 Old_age Always - 13144
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0012 100 100 051 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 2575
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 052 042 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 48
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 102 092 000 Old_age Always - 48
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 199 199 000 Old_age Always - 50
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 199 199 000 Old_age Offline - 50
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0009 200 200 051 Pre-fail Offline - 13
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 252 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 252 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13143 hours (547 days + 15 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 10 4f 2c 3f 40 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x003f2c4f = 4140111
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 88 48 2c 3f 07 08 00:27:17.679 READ FPDMA QUEUED
ef 10 02 00 00 00 00 00 00:27:17.675 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00:27:17.675 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 00 00 00:27:17.675 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
ef 10 02 00 00 00 00 00 00:27:17.675 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
Error 251 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13143 hours (547 days + 15 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 80 4f 2c 3f 40 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x003f2c4f = 4140111
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 08 48 2c 3f 07 08 00:27:15.710 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 00 40 2c 3f 07 08 00:27:15.710 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 f0 38 2c 3f 07 08 00:27:15.710 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 e8 30 2c 3f 07 08 00:27:15.710 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 e0 28 2c 3f 07 08 00:27:15.710 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 250 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13143 hours (547 days + 15 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 01 4f 2c 3f 40 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x003f2c4f = 4140111
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 00 78 60 2b 3f 07 08 00:27:13.677 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 70 60 2a 3f 07 08 00:27:13.675 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 68 60 29 3f 07 08 00:27:13.673 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 60 60 28 3f 07 08 00:27:13.671 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 58 60 27 3f 07 08 00:27:13.668 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 249 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13143 hours (547 days + 15 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was doing SMART Offline or Self-test.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 af 87 94 45 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x059487af = 93620143
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 12 ae 87 94 05 00 00:10:36.582 READ DMA
c8 00 2e 80 87 94 05 00 00:10:36.582 READ DMA
c8 00 11 6f 87 94 05 00 00:10:36.581 READ DMA
c8 00 2f 40 87 94 05 00 00:10:36.581 READ DMA
c8 00 10 30 87 94 05 00 00:10:36.581 READ DMA
Error 248 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13142 hours (547 days + 14 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was doing SMART Offline or Self-test.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 af 87 94 45 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x059487af = 93620143
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 12 ae 87 94 05 00 00:00:44.465 READ DMA
c8 00 2e 80 87 94 05 00 00:00:44.465 READ DMA
c8 00 11 6f 87 94 05 00 00:00:44.464 READ DMA
c8 00 2f 40 87 94 05 00 00:00:44.464 READ DMA
c8 00 10 30 87 94 05 00 00:00:44.463 READ DMA
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.